The study of genes used to be a slow and arduous process with a single gene studied in a single experiment. The filter and blotting methods used provided limited information about other genes or how single genes interact with the collective gene product in a living organism. The advent of DNA microarrays (also referred to as biochips, DNA chips, DNA arrays, gene arrays and GeneChipsÒ), which allow analysis of many genes in a single experiment quickly and efficiently, has transformed research. Whole genomes are now available for study on a single microarray. Recently, the same technologies have been modified and applied to the study of RNA, proteins, cells and tissue samples with promising results. The new technologies have broad applications ranging from genetic screening, diagnostics and safety assessment, to proteomics and drug development.
Published: June 2005 - Global. |
